compare
Look for similarities and differences between two or more things.
contrast
Deliberately single out and emphasise the differences and dissimilarities between two or more things.
describe
Give a detailed and comprehensive account of something.
discuss
Investigate and examine by careful argument. Explore the implications and the advantages or disadvantages. Debate the case and possibly consider any alternatives. This is probably the most common instruction term. It is inviting you to say something interesting in response to the topic in question. You can choose your own approach.
analyse
Study in depth, identifying and describing in detail the main characteristics.
argue
Put forward a proposition, then illustrate it, discuss its significance, and defend it against possible counter-charges.
evaluate
Make an appraisal of the worth of something in the light of its truth or utility. Emphasise the views of authorities as well as your personal estimation.
explain
Make plain. Account for. Clarify, interpret, and spell out the material you present, giving reasons for important features or developments. A detailed account of how and why.
how far …
Similar to questions which begin ‘To what extent…‘. You are expected to make your case or present your argument, whilst showing an awareness that alternate or even contradictory explanations may exist. Careful assessment and weighing of evidence are called for.
identify
Pick out what you regard as the key features of something, perhaps making clear the criteria you use in doing so.
illustrate
Make clear and explicit by the discussion of concrete examples.
justify
Show adequate grounds for decisions or conclusions. Answer or refute the main objections likely to be made against them.
outline
Give the main features or the general principles of a subject, omitting minor details and emphasising structure or arrangement.
relate
Show how things are connected, and how they possibly affect, cause, or resemble each other.
review
Make a survey of, examining the subject critically.
state
Present the main points in brief, clear form.
summarise
Give a concise account of the main points of a matter, omitting details and examples.
Published on: 16 Dec 2010
